References Report

The References report includes a summary and a complete listing of references extracted from the manuscript document.

Wherever possible, references are validated, corrected, and reformatted in the journal's preferred style. See the related information for a full list of editorial style options that Author Portal supports.

If the reference screening service finds anything notable about a reference, a highlighted element provides more information.

Notable information includes:

  • References to a retracted paper
  • References to a pre-print manuscript
  • References to a paper with a published expression of concern
  • References that could not be parsed and validated

Each reference is also linked to various services where that reference could be found, including PubMed, Crossref, Google Scholar, and others.

In some rare cases, Author Portal cannot process the references and generate the References report. This could happen if the reference screening service is unavailable, because of network communication issues, or because Author Portal couldn't find any references in the manuscript.

In these cases, the report includes the following notification:

The report can include warnings for the issues listed below.

Note: In each of the following examples, text in angle brackets (<>) will be replaced with the relevant data at the time the warning is generated.

Retracted Papers

Variation when the retraction is reported by PubMed:

  • Pubmed reports a retraction (or similarly important issue). The Pubmed label is "<SubStr7>". Additional information can be found at https://doi.org/<SubStr8>. The update was issued on <SubStr5>. (Ref. <SubStr2>)
  • Pubmed reports a retraction (or similarly important issue). The Pubmed type is "<SubStr4>". Additional information can be found at https://doi.org/<SubStr8>. (Ref. <SubStr2>)
Note: PubMed can include other similarly important issues in the retracted paper warning.

Variations when the retraction is reported by Crossref/Crossmark:

  • <SubStr3> reports a retraction (or similarly important issue). The <SubStr3> label is "<SubStr7>". Additional information can be found at https://doi.org/<SubStr8>. The update was issued on <SubStr5>. (Ref. <SubStr2>)
  • <SubStr3> reports a retraction (or similarly important issue). The <SubStr3> type is "<SubStr4>". Additional information can be found at https://doi.org/<SubStr8>. (Ref. <SubStr2>)

Variations when the retraction is reported by Retraction Watch:

  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the DOI in the reference matches the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>".
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the PubMed ID in the reference matches the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>".
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the PubMed ID and DOI in the reference match the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>".
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the DOI in the reference matches the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>". For more information, please see: <SubStr4>.
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the PubMed ID in the reference matches the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>". For more information, please see: <SubStr4>.
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the PubMed ID and DOI in the reference match the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>". For more information, please see: <SubStr4>.
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the first author, title, and year in the reference match the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>".
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the first author, title, and year in the reference match the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>". The original item can be found at <SubStr5>
  • Retraction Watch reports that this item was Retracted on <SubStr2> because the first author, title, and year in the reference match the Retraction Watch database. Retraction Watch gives the reason as: "<SubStr3>". For more information, please see: <SubStr4>. The original item can be found at <SubStr5>

Preprint Paper

There are two possible versions of the preprint paper warning:

  • Crossref reports this preprint has been published as <SubStr3> (Ref. <SubStr2>)
  • CrossMark reports this article was originally posted as a Preprint at https://doi.org/<SubStr8>. (Ref. <SubStr2>)

Expression of Concern

There is one possible version of the expression of concern warning:

  • Pubmed reports that this reference has an expression of concern in "<SubStr6>". (Ref. <SubStr2>)